The 180 degree rule is a rule which states that characters in a film, if having a conversation or if filming in one place for a longer period of time, then the camera must stay within the 180 degree angle (on one side). If this rule is broken, it can often work however it can also often confuse the audience.
Shot reverse shot:
A short reverse shot is typically used during a conversation when the camera focuses on one person then pans to the other person then back again. This is used to alternate between the two characters throughout the conversation to allow the audience to see the characters from either perspective. Below is an example of shot-reverse-shot in a film. We are able to clearly see that the camera is alternating between the two character, back and forth, which is a shot reverse shot.
Match on action:
Match on action is the technique of one shot cutting to another, from a different angle, showing the action of the subject. By carrying the action through using this technique creates some sort of connection or bridge which makes the audience more engaged and focusing on the action itself rather than the cutting of it.
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